To request a copy of this volume, please contact one of the organizers:

Preface

Workshop Participants, Special Contributors, and Workshop Organizers

Section 1: Phylogeny Reconstruction

Sequence alignment and phylogeny reconstruction (pp. 3-12)
MARTIN VINGRON AND BENNO SCHWIKOWSKI

Combining likelihood-mapping and statistical geometry to a new sequence analysis tool (pp. 13-22)
KAY NIESELT-STRUWE

Section 2: The Generation and Maintenance of Variation

Evolutionary rate variation within the mitochondrial DNA of Drosophila simulans (pp. 25-36)
J. WILLIAM O. BALLARD

Testing the adequacy of a correlation model of sequence evolution (pp. 37-46)
MICHAEL SCHÖNIGER

A test for heterogeneity of microsatellite variation (pp. 47-56)
JONATHAN K. PRITCHARD AND MARCUS W. FELDMAN

Parsimonious counting of mutations and estimating mutation rate heterogeneity within a DNA sequence (pp. 57-72)
HONG-WEN DENG AND YUN-XIN FU

Molecules and the maintenance of genetic variation: Variation is the theme (pp. 73-87)
MARTA L. WAYNE

Section 3: Signatures of Demographic Events

The use of Monte Carlo simulation to infer population dynamic history from DNA sequence data (pp. 91-112)
NICHOLAS C. GRASSLY AND EDWARD C. HOLMES

The impact of evolutionary models on the inference of population history (pp. 113-122)
GUNTER WEISS

Section 4: Inferring Evolution in Natural Populations

Using mitochondrial DNA gene trees and nuclear RFLPs to predict genealogical patterns at nuclear loci: Examples from the American oyster (pp. 125-138)
MATTHEW P. HARE

Population genetics of wild Old World monkeys: The case of the grivet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops aethiops) (pp. 139-146)
MAKOTO K. SHIMADA

S-allelic diversity in the genus Physalis (Solanaceae): Implications for historical inference (pp. 147-161)
ADAM D. RICHMAN AND JOSHUA R. KOHN

Phylogenetic analyses and evolutionary processes of the Drosophila Cecropin gene family (pp. 163-177)
ATSUKO DATE AND SADAO I. CHIGUSA

Section 5: Human Paleohistory

Inferences of modern human origins from variation in CD4 haplotypes (pp. 181-197)
S. A. TISHKOFF, K. K. KIDD, AND A. G. CLARK

Modeling human population structure with polymorphic Alu elements (pp. 199-211)
STEPHEN SHERRY, HENRY HARPENDING, MARK STONEKING, AND MARK BATZER

Some effects of culture on genetic variation (pp. 213-229)
MARK SEIELSTAD

On 5 June 1997 at the University of Munich, organizers Arndt von Haeseler (Germany), Naoyuki Takahata (Japan), and Marcy K. Uyenoyama (USA) convened a three-day workshop on innovative approaches to the study of evolution at the molecular level. Under the sponsorship of the National Science Foundation (NSF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), the US/Germany/Japan Trinational Workshop on Molecular Evolution brought together investigators at a formative stage in their research careers for the purpose of fostering international communication and new research collaborations. This volume compiles research articles based on presentations made at the workshop.

Among the missions of the workshop was to promote the development of innovative methods for inferring the demographic context in which evolution occurs from the pattern and nature of genetic variation at the molecular level. Analyses addressing the reconstruction of human paleohistory were particularly encouraged. Forming the US contingent were ten scientists chosen on the basis of applications solicited worldwide by a Selection Committee comprising Richard R. Hudson (University of Chicago), Shozo Yokoyama (Syracuse University), and Marcy K. Uyenoyama (Duke University). The German and Japanese contingents each comprised six participants. Each participant made a research presentation, with extended discussions encouraged. In addition, senior investigators Yun-Xin Fu (University of Texas) and Tandy Warnow (University of Pennsylvania) graciously contributed special lectures.

Like the US-Japan Binational Workshop, organized by Masatoshi Nei (USA) and Naoyuki Takahata (Japan) and held in Hayama, Japan, in August 1995, the Munich workshop was scheduled in conjunction with the Annual Meetings of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution, which are held outside North America in alternate years. Without exception, expressions from both participants and organizers have enthusiastically supported the workshops and the opportunity for interaction and collaboration they afford. We hope this tradition will be continued in future years.

Funding from the DFG, JSPS, and NSF made this special cooperative program possible. Full support for the Japanese participants was provided by JSPS grant "Molecular Human Evolution" under a Japan-Germany exchange program, which is jointly supported by the JSPS and the DFG and coordinated by N. Takahata and A. von Haeseler. We are grateful to Dr. Mark Suskin (Division of International Programs, NSF) and Dr. Elizabeth E. Lyons (Division of Biological Sciences, NSF) for their guidance and help with NSF grant INT-9722424. We express our sincere thanks to our German hosts for their gracious hospitality.

Marcy K. Uyenoyama
Durham, North Carolina, USA

Arndt von Haeseler
Munich, Germany

J. WILLIAM O. BALLARD, The Field Museum, Roosevelt Road at Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60627, USA

HANS-JÜRGEN BANDELT, Mathematisches Seminar, University of Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 55, D-20146, Hamburg, Germany

ATSUKO DATE, Department of Biology, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo 112, Japan

HONG-WEN DENG, Osteoporosis Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University, 601 N. 30th St., Suite 6787, Omaha, NE 68131, USA

NICHOLAS C. GRASSLY, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK

MATTHEW P. HARE, Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Department, Harvard University, Biological Laboratory #166, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

DANIEL HUSON, FSPM, University of Bielefeld, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany

KAY NIESELT-STRUWE, Institute of Zoology, University of Munich, D-80021, Munich, Germany

HIROTA OOTA, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan

JONATHAN K. PRITCHARD, Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA

ADAM D. RICHMAN, Biology Department, Montana State University at Bozeman, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA

YOKO SATTA, Department of Biosystems Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-01, Japan

MICHAEL SCHÖNIGER, Theoretische Chemie, Technische University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85747 Garching, Germany

MARK SEIELSTAD, Program for Population Genetics, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, FXB-1O1, Boston, MA 02115-6096, USA

STEPHEN SHERRY, Department of Pathology and Department of Biometry and Genetics, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Medical Center, 1901 Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA 70116, USA

MAKOTO K. SHIMADA, Section of Population Genetics, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan

KENTA SUMIYAMA, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima 411, Japan

NAOKO TAKEZAKI, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima 411, Japan

S. A. TISHKOFF, Institute of Molecular Evolutionary Genetics, Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA

MARTIN VINGRON, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Theoretische Bioinformatik, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69 120 Heidelberg, Germany

MARTA L. WAYNE, Department of Genetics, Box 7614, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-76 14, USA

GUNTER WEISS, Institute of Zoology, University of Munich, Luisenstrasse 14, D-80333, Munich, Germany

YUN-XIN FU, Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas, P. 0. Box 20334, Houston, TX 77225, USA

TANDY WARNOW, Computer and Information Science Department, 200 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6389, USA

ARNDT VON HAESELER, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Inselstrasse 22, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany

NAOYUKI TAKAHATA, Department of Biosystems Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-01, Japan

MARCY K. UYENOYAMA, Department of Zoology, Box 90325, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0325, USA