index

References

Allen, C.D. and R.E.H. Smith. 2002. The response of planktonic phosphate uptake and turnover to ultraviolet radiation in Lake Erie . Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 59: 778-786.

Aubriot, L, D. Conde, S. Bonilla, and R. Sommaruga. 2004. Phosphate uptake behavior of natural phytoplankton during exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation in a shallow coastal lagoon. Marine Biology 144: 623-631.

Blaustein, A.R, P.F. Hoffman, D.G. Hokit, J.M. Kiesecker , S.C. Walls, and J.B. Hays. 1994. UV repair and resistance to solar UV-B in amphibian eggs: A link to population decline? Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 1791-1795.

Blaustein, A.R. J.M. Kiesecker, D.P. Chivers, D.G. Hokit, A. Marco, L.K. Belden, and A. Hatch. 1998. Effects of ultraviolet radiation on amphibians: field experiments. American Zoologist 38:799-828.

Blumthaler, M, W. Ambach, R. Ellinger. 1997. Increase in solar UV radiation with altitude. J Photochem Phytobiol 39: 130-134.

Bridges, C.M. and M.D. Boon. 2003. The interactive effects of UV-B and insecticide exposure on tadpole survival, growth and development. Biological Conservation 113:49-54.

Coleman, R.S. and T.A. Day. 2004. Response of cotton and sorghum to several levels of subambient solar UV-B radiation: a test of the saturation hypothesis.Physiological Plantarum 122:362-372.

Corn, P.S. and E.Muths. 2002. Variable breeding phenology affects the exposure of amphibian embryos to ultraviolet radiation. Ecology 83: 2958-2963.

Diamond, S.A, G.S. Peterson, J. Tietge, and G.T. Ankley. 2002. Assessment of the Risk of Solar Ultraviolet Radiation to Amphibians. III. Prediction of Impacts in
Selected Northern Midwestern Wetlands.Environmental Sci.ence and Technology 36:2866-2874.

Diffey, B.L. 991. Soalr ultraviolet radiation effects on biological systems. Physics in Medicine and Biology 36:299-328.

Fahey, D.W. 2002 .Twenty questions and answers about the ozone layer. In: WMO/UNEP Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2002. Les Diablerets, Switzerland, 24-28 June 2002.

Gleason, D.F. and G.M. Wellington. 1993. Ultraviolet radiation and coral bleaching. Nature 365: 836-838.

Häder, D.-P, R.C. Worrest, and H.D. Kumar. 1991. Aquatic Ecosystems. Chapter 4 in Environmental effects of ozone depletion: 1991 update . Nairobi : United Nations environmental Programme.

Jackson, R. 2002. The Earth Remains Forever. University of Texas Press, Texas.

Karentz, D. and I. Bosch. 2001. Influence of ozone-related increases in ultraviolet radiation on Antarctic marine organisms. Amer. Zool. 41:3-16.

Kiesecker, J.M, A.R. Blaustein, and L.K. Beldon. 2001. Complex causes of amphibian population declines. Nature 410: 681-684.

Madigan, M.T, J.M. Martinko, and J. Parker. 2000. Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 9th edition. Prentice-Hall Inc, New Jersey.

Madronich, S., R.L. McKenzie, L.O. Bjorn, and M.M. Caldwell. 1998. Changes in biologically active ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth's surface. J. Photochem. Photobiol.Biol. 46(1-3):5-19.

Miller,C.D, D. Rangel, G.U.L. Braga, S. Flint, S-I. Kwon, C.L. Messias, D.W. Roberts, and A.J. Anderson. 2004. Enzyme activities associated with oxidative stress in Metarhizium anisopliae during germination, mycelial growth, and conidiation and in response to near-UV irradiation. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 50:41-49.

Musil, C.F, B.S. Kgope, S.B.M. Chimphango, and F.D. Dakora. 2003. Nitrate additions enhance the photosynthetic sensitivity of a nodulated South African Mediterranean-climate legume (Podalyria calyptrata) to elevated UV-B. Environ and Exp Botany 50: 97-210.

Nybakken, L, K.A. Solhaug, W. Bilger, and Y. Gauslaa. 2004. The lichens Xanthoria elegans and Cetraria islandica maintain a high protection against UV-B radiation in Artctic habitats. Oecologia 40: 211-216.

Pahkala, M, K. Räsänen, A. Laurilla, U. Johanson, L.O. Björn, and J. Merilä. 2002. Lethal and sublethal effects of UV-B/pH synergism on common frog embryos. Conservation Biology 16: 1063-1073.

Peterson, G. S, L.B. Johnson, R.P. Axler, and S.A. Diamond. 2002 Assessment of the risk of solar ultraviolet radiation to amphibians. II. In situ characterization of exposure in amphibian habitats. Environmental Science and Technology 36:2859-2865.

Robson, T.M, V.A. Pancotto, C.L. Ballaré, O.E. Sala, A.L. Scopel, M.M. Caldwell. 2004. Reduction of solar UV-B mediates changes in the Sphagnum capitulum microenvironment and the peatland microfungal community. Oecologia 40: 480-490.

Santos, I, F. Fidalgo, J.M. Almeida and R. Salema. 2004. Biochemical and ultrastructural changes in leaves of potato plants grown under supplementary UV-B radiation. Plant Science 167: 925–935.

Tank, S.E. and D.W. Schindler. 2004. The role of ultraviolet radiation in structuring algal communities in Rocky Mountain montane lakes: evidence from pigments and taxonomy. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 6: 1461-474.

Wetzel, R.G. 2001. Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems, 3rd edition. Academic Press, San Diego.

Wetzel, R.G. 2003. Solar radiation as an ecosystem modulator. In: UV Effects in Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK.

NASA SOHO Mission,Yohkoh science team	*Ecological impacts of* *UV-B radiation*
Introduction	References Allen, C.D. and R.E.H. Smith. 2002. The response of planktonic phosphate uptake and turnover to ultraviolet radiation in Lake Erie . Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 59: 778-786. Aubriot, L, D. Conde, S. Bonilla, and R. Sommaruga. 2004. Phosphate uptake behavior of natural phytoplankton during exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation in a shallow coastal lagoon. Marine Biology 144: 623-631. Blaustein, A.R, P.F. Hoffman, D.G. Hokit, J.M. Kiesecker , S.C. Walls, and J.B. Hays. 1994. UV repair and resistance to solar UV-B in amphibian eggs: A link to population decline? Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 1791-1795. Blaustein, A.R. J.M. Kiesecker, D.P. Chivers, D.G. Hokit, A. Marco, L.K. Belden, and A. Hatch. 1998. Effects of ultraviolet radiation on amphibians: field experiments. American Zoologist 38:799-828. Blumthaler, M, W. Ambach, R. Ellinger. 1997. Increase in solar UV radiation with altitude. J Photochem Phytobiol 39: 130-134. Bridges, C.M. and M.D. Boon. 2003. The interactive effects of UV-B and insecticide exposure on tadpole survival, growth and development. Biological Conservation 113:49-54. Coleman, R.S. and T.A. Day. 2004. Response of cotton and sorghum to several levels of subambient solar UV-B radiation: a test of the saturation hypothesis.Physiological Plantarum 122:362-372. Corn, P.S. and E.Muths. 2002. Variable breeding phenology affects the exposure of amphibian embryos to ultraviolet radiation. Ecology 83: 2958-2963. Diamond, S.A, G.S. Peterson, J. Tietge, and G.T. Ankley. 2002. Assessment of the Risk of Solar Ultraviolet Radiation to Amphibians. III. Prediction of Impacts in Selected Northern Midwestern Wetlands.Environmental Sci.ence and Technology 36:2866-2874. Diffey, B.L. 991. Soalr ultraviolet radiation effects on biological systems. Physics in Medicine and Biology 36:299-328. Fahey, D.W. 2002 .Twenty questions and answers about the ozone layer. In: WMO/UNEP Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2002. Les Diablerets, Switzerland, 24-28 June 2002. Gleason, D.F. and G.M. Wellington. 1993. Ultraviolet radiation and coral bleaching. Nature 365: 836-838. Häder, D.-P, R.C. Worrest, and H.D. Kumar. 1991. Aquatic Ecosystems. Chapter 4 in Environmental effects of ozone depletion: 1991 update . Nairobi : United Nations environmental Programme. Jackson, R. 2002. The Earth Remains Forever. University of Texas Press, Texas. Karentz, D. and I. Bosch. 2001. Influence of ozone-related increases in ultraviolet radiation on Antarctic marine organisms. Amer. Zool. 41:3-16. Kiesecker, J.M, A.R. Blaustein, and L.K. Beldon. 2001. Complex causes of amphibian population declines. Nature 410: 681-684. Madigan, M.T, J.M. Martinko, and J. Parker. 2000. Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 9th edition. Prentice-Hall Inc, New Jersey. Madronich, S., R.L. McKenzie, L.O. Bjorn, and M.M. Caldwell. 1998. Changes in biologically active ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth's surface. J. Photochem. Photobiol.Biol. 46(1-3):5-19. Miller,C.D, D. Rangel, G.U.L. Braga, S. Flint, S-I. Kwon, C.L. Messias, D.W. Roberts, and A.J. Anderson. 2004. Enzyme activities associated with oxidative stress in Metarhizium anisopliae during germination, mycelial growth, and conidiation and in response to near-UV irradiation. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 50:41-49. Musil, C.F, B.S. Kgope, S.B.M. Chimphango, and F.D. Dakora. 2003. Nitrate additions enhance the photosynthetic sensitivity of a nodulated South African Mediterranean-climate legume (Podalyria calyptrata) to elevated UV-B. Environ and Exp Botany 50: 97-210. Nybakken, L, K.A. Solhaug, W. Bilger, and Y. Gauslaa. 2004. The lichens Xanthoria elegans and Cetraria islandica maintain a high protection against UV-B radiation in Artctic habitats. Oecologia 40: 211-216. Pahkala, M, K. Räsänen, A. Laurilla, U. Johanson, L.O. Björn, and J. Merilä. 2002. Lethal and sublethal effects of UV-B/pH synergism on common frog embryos. Conservation Biology 16: 1063-1073. Peterson, G. S, L.B. Johnson, R.P. Axler, and S.A. Diamond. 2002 Assessment of the risk of solar ultraviolet radiation to amphibians. II. In situ characterization of exposure in amphibian habitats. Environmental Science and Technology 36:2859-2865. Robson, T.M, V.A. Pancotto, C.L. Ballaré, O.E. Sala, A.L. Scopel, M.M. Caldwell. 2004. Reduction of solar UV-B mediates changes in the Sphagnum capitulum microenvironment and the peatland microfungal community. Oecologia 40: 480-490. Santos, I, F. Fidalgo, J.M. Almeida and R. Salema. 2004. Biochemical and ultrastructural changes in leaves of potato plants grown under supplementary UV-B radiation. Plant Science 167: 925–935. Tank, S.E. and D.W. Schindler. 2004. The role of ultraviolet radiation in structuring algal communities in Rocky Mountain montane lakes: evidence from pigments and taxonomy. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 6: 1461-474. Wetzel, R.G. 2001. Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems, 3rd edition. Academic Press, San Diego. Wetzel, R.G. 2003. Solar radiation as an ecosystem modulator. In: UV Effects in Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK.
UV-B background information

Spatial and temporal distributions
Organismal effects and responses Molecular photobiology Microorganisms Plants Animals
Impacts on ecosystems
Conclusion
References
Links
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